See fiende on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "fīende",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "participle form",
"head": "fīende"
},
"expansion": "fīende",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fīendus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of fīendus"
],
"id": "en-fiende-la-verb-Ry268C4s",
"links": [
[
"fīendus",
"fiendus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[fiːˈɛn.dɛ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[fiˈɛn.de]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English fiend",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Compare with Danish fjende, Icelandic fjandi, German Feind, English fiend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fienden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiender",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fiende m (definite singular fienden, indefinite plural fiender, definite plural fiendene)",
"name": "nb-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "erkefiende"
},
{
"word": "fiendsk"
},
{
"word": "folkefiende"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy (someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else)"
],
"id": "en-fiende-nb-noun-Xbq9on65",
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.əndə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ɛndə/"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English fiend",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Akin to English fiend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fienden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fiende m (definite singular fienden, indefinite plural fiendar, definite plural fiendane)",
"name": "nn-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "erkefiende"
},
{
"word": "fiendsk"
},
{
"word": "fiendtleg"
},
{
"word": "folkefiende"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy (someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else)"
],
"id": "en-fiende-nn-noun-Xbq9on65",
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/²fiːɛndə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/²fiːɛnə/"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "finda"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian finda",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*finþaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *finþaną",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Frisian finda, from Proto-Germanic *finþaną. More at find.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "fiende",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Saterland Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "befiende"
},
{
"word": "foarfiende"
},
{
"word": "oufiende"
},
{
"word": "truchfiende"
},
{
"word": "uutfiende"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"id": "en-fiende-stq-verb-dN8zHEYd",
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
]
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English fiend",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Compare Danish fjende, Icelandic fjandi, German Feind, English fiend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-r",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fiende",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fienden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiender",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fienders",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fienderna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fiende c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "fiende c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-r"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "arvfiende"
},
{
"word": "dödsfiende"
},
{
"word": "fiendebild"
},
{
"word": "fiendeland"
},
{
"word": "fiendeläger"
},
{
"word": "fiendesidan"
},
{
"word": "fiendesoldat"
},
{
"word": "fiendestyrka"
},
{
"word": "fiendskap"
},
{
"word": "klassfiende"
},
{
"word": "statsfiende"
},
{
"word": "ärkefiende"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
23
]
],
"english": "They are bitter enemies",
"text": "De är bittra fiender",
"translation": "They are bitter enemies",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
24,
31
]
],
"english": "In many games there are enemies you have to kill by shooting at them",
"text": "I många spel finns det fiender man måste döda genom att skjuta på dom",
"translation": "In many games there are enemies you have to kill by shooting at them",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy (person, etc., opposed to oneself)"
],
"id": "en-fiende-sv-noun-cC~Gic~C",
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "fientlig"
},
{
"word": "lede fi"
},
{
"word": "ovän"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/²fiːˌɛndɛ/"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-fiende.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/Sv-fiende.ogg/Sv-fiende.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Sv-fiende.ogg"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "fīende",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "participle form",
"head": "fīende"
},
"expansion": "fīende",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin participle forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fīendus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of fīendus"
],
"links": [
[
"fīendus",
"fiendus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[fiːˈɛn.dɛ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[fiˈɛn.de]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "erkefiende"
},
{
"word": "fiendsk"
},
{
"word": "folkefiende"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English fiend",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Compare with Danish fjende, Icelandic fjandi, German Feind, English fiend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fienden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiender",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fiende m (definite singular fienden, indefinite plural fiender, definite plural fiendene)",
"name": "nb-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy (someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else)"
],
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.əndə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ɛndə/"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "erkefiende"
},
{
"word": "fiendsk"
},
{
"word": "fiendtleg"
},
{
"word": "folkefiende"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English fiend",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Akin to English fiend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fienden",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fiende m (definite singular fienden, indefinite plural fiendar, definite plural fiendane)",
"name": "nn-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy (someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else)"
],
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/²fiːɛndə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/²fiːɛnə/"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "befiende"
},
{
"word": "foarfiende"
},
{
"word": "oufiende"
},
{
"word": "truchfiende"
},
{
"word": "uutfiende"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "finda"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian finda",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*finþaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *finþaną",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Frisian finda, from Proto-Germanic *finþaną. More at find.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "fiende",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Saterland Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"Saterland Frisian lemmas",
"Saterland Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"Saterland Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Saterland Frisian verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
]
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "arvfiende"
},
{
"word": "dödsfiende"
},
{
"word": "fiendebild"
},
{
"word": "fiendeland"
},
{
"word": "fiendeläger"
},
{
"word": "fiendesidan"
},
{
"word": "fiendesoldat"
},
{
"word": "fiendestyrka"
},
{
"word": "fiendskap"
},
{
"word": "klassfiende"
},
{
"word": "statsfiende"
},
{
"word": "ärkefiende"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fjándi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fijandz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fjende"
},
"expansion": "Danish fjende",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fjandi"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic fjandi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German Feind",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English fiend",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Compare Danish fjende, Icelandic fjandi, German Feind, English fiend.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-r",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fiende",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fienden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiender",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fienders",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fienderna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiendernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fiende c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "fiende c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-r"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "fientlig"
},
{
"word": "lede fi"
},
{
"word": "ovän"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
23
]
],
"english": "They are bitter enemies",
"text": "De är bittra fiender",
"translation": "They are bitter enemies",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
24,
31
]
],
"english": "In many games there are enemies you have to kill by shooting at them",
"text": "I många spel finns det fiender man måste döda genom att skjuta på dom",
"translation": "In many games there are enemies you have to kill by shooting at them",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy (person, etc., opposed to oneself)"
],
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/²fiːˌɛndɛ/"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-fiende.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/Sv-fiende.ogg/Sv-fiende.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Sv-fiende.ogg"
}
],
"word": "fiende"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fiende meaning in All languages combined (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.